Machine for joining skins



April 13, 1937. l A. BARTHA 2,077,304

MACHINE FOR JOINING SKINS Filed Feb. '28, 1955 s sheets-sheet 1 April 13, 1937. A. BARTHA 2,077,304

' MACHINE FOR JOINING' SKINS Filed Feb. 2s, 1935 ssheetS-sheet 2 April 13, 1937.

A.,BARTHA MACHINE FOR JOINING SKINS Filed Feb. 28, 1935 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Apr. 13, 1937 Alfred Bartha, Budapest, Hungary Application February 2s, 1935, serial No. 8,743 In Hungary March 3, 1934 3 Claims.

It is well known that for storing, expedition and for grouping the same qualities, 2 to 20 pieces of skins are joined, which work has been done by hand up till now. The disadvantage of 5 the manual work consists in its slowness and expensiveness. In order to avoid these disadvantages and according to the invention the skins are joined by means of a process, which may be carried out by a machine; moreover, this process l can be adapted not only for skins, but also for other goods, for instance leathers, celluloseplates etc. the material of which may be pricked. If the pricking is substituted by drilling, also hard objects, e. g. wood plates can be fastened l together by this process.

The process according to the invention substantially consists in that the goods to be joined, e. g. skins or the like are put on one another and pricked by two or more needles (or drilled by .20 drills); then through the holes made in 'such a way a wire is passed in the form of a U by the aid of the needles and the free ends of the wire are twisted. 'I'he passing of the wire through the holes can be advantageously carried out in such a way that after the material has been pricked by the needles (or drilled by the drills) the wire is hung into depressions or hooks provided on the ends of the needles and thus the wire is taken along when withdrawing the needles. For rendering the binding more perfect or for the sake of neatness, further for providing the bundle with a trade mark or the sign of a rm a covering layer is placed between the wire portion con- F necting the two wings of the U and the lowermost 3') skin, further between the twisted ends o-f the wire and the uppermost skin, which layers are made of paper, insulating material (glazed-cardboard), leather, metal or of another flexible ma- 4 terial, eventually of wood. The particulars and modes of realization of this process are described in the following with reference to4 the annexed drawings.

In the drawings some preferred embodiments of the machine according to the invention are shown by way of example, in which Fig. l is a vertical sectional View of the machine.

Fig. 2 shows a front elevation belonging to Fig. 1 partly in section.

Fig. 3 is a plane view of the lower part of the machine after removing some elements of the same.

Figs. 4 and 5 represent various parts on an enlarged scale.

Figs. 6 to 8 represent a detail in three positions.

Fig. 9 shows two views of a needle of the machine illustrated in the foregoing figures. f

Fig. 10 shows another embodiment of the neef5 dies; and y Fig. 11 is a partial View of an embodiment provided with drills instead of needles. Y

The machine is fixed on the table I, the abutment 2- of the machine projecting into an openlo ing of this table. Theskins 3 to be joined (or leathers etc.) are placed onto the table and onto the upper plate of the abutment 2 being on one level with the table-top. In practice the skins are usually fastened together on several spots. l5A

Each fastening is produced by a full revolution of the main shaft of the machine, after which revolution the machine stops. Now, the skins v3 may be shifted on the table I and when another part tol be joined comes under the needles of the 1"20 machine, the latter is to beset to work again. After a full revolution of the main'shaft a new fastening is produced, etc.

The main shaft 4 (Figs. 1 and 2) of the machine is driven by a pulley 5, which is connected to the 5'25 main shaft by meansof a transmission 6. /This transmissionhas a' known construction however and it is working kin such a way that by shifting the lever 'I, e. g. by pressing down a pedal, the constantly rotating pulley 5 engages the main :330 shaft 4 and after a turning by 360 `of the latter the connection is interrupted in such a manner that the main shaft stops. If the machine does not function the needles 3| and their guiding tube 32 are in the upper dead position insuch $35 away that the skins 3 being under said tube may be freely moved and brought into the desired position.

When setting the machine to work, before all, the wire used for binding is to be brought into 40 a position in which the needles 3|, after penetrating the bundle of skins may catch said wire and take it along at their upward motion. This is eected in the following way:

The end of the wire II) (Fig. 3) which has been 4.5

cut when making the preceding binding is situ- I8 mounted on the projection I1 of the arm I3. On the free end of the arm I3 a gripping jaw I9 is pivotally mounted (Figs. 3 and 5). When the arm I3 is drawn near on the wire end II the front cam surface of the gripping jaw I9 bears against a pin 28 and by this fact the gripping jaw I9 is turned clockwise in a horizontal plane (Fig 3). Therefore, the gripping jaw I9 leaves the other gripping jaw 2I fastened to the arm I3 and by this, the wire-end II may freely come between the jaws I9 and 2|.- When continuing the swinging of the arm I3 the jaw I9 disengages pin 20, whereafter this jaw is drawn again beside the fixed jaw 2I by means of the spring 22 (Fig 5). 'Ihus the two jaws firmly catch the Wire. After this, the roller I8 leaves the cam I6 and the arm I3 is withdrawn into the position represented in Fig. 3 by a spring 23. When swinging back the arm I3 the jaw I9 bears again on the pin 2U, whereby the latter is pressed down vby means of its curved bottom-surface shown in Fig. 5 against the action of a spring not shown in the drawings. Consequently, when the arm I3 is swinging back, the jaw I9 is not moved by the pin 20.

On swinging back the arm I3 the wire is taken along, by which the supply-bobbin 8 is set to turn. After stretching the wire under the skins to be joined a cam 24 (Figs. 1 and 3) disposed on the cam shaft I5 begins to act and shifts forward that is to say to the left the push-rod 25 by means of its roller 25a. against the action of the spring 26, whereby the middle portion of the wire is shifted forward by the free end of this push-rod and by this the wire takes the form of an open V.

During the execution of the above described operations the cutting of the layers to be inserted between the uppermost and lowermost skin of the bundle and the wire is also to be effected. This is carried out by means of the following devices:

The layer to be put under the skins is cut out from a paper strip 35 (Fig. 2), such paper strip being guided into the machine from a supply bobbin not shown. The stripis led in through an opening 34 of the machine and the cut out strip leaves the machine through the opening 33. The covering layer is cut out from the strip 36 which is moved towards a ring 31 surrounding the guiding tube 32. Above the ring 31 circular shears 38 (Fig. 4) are arranged which may penetrate into the opening 39 of the vring 31 and cut out in such a way the covering layer. The sinking of the circular shears is effected against the strong spring 29 under the action of a lever 28. The circular shears are surrounded by a sleeve 40, which is pressed upward by a spring 4I being much weaker than spring 29. The parts described are guided in the extension 42 of the supporting plate, which forms together with ring 31 an opening for the introduction of strip 36.

While the arm I3 is swung forward in the de scribed manner from the position represented in Fig. 3 and the needles 3|, as well as the tube 32 are in the upper dead position, the left hand end of the lever 28 pivoted on a pin 21 (Fig. l) in the upper part of the machine is lowered and said arm in turn presses downward the circular shears 38. At rst the sleeve 48 is pressed down by the said circular shears against the action of the weak spring 4I by the aid of spring 29 bearing against the said sleeve, which movement is stopped only when the lower working surface of the sleeve 40 bears on the strip 36. Should the lever 28 continue to move downward the circular shears 38, the latter would cut out the covering layer from the strip 36. This, however, must not be effected for the present in order to prevent the cut out covering layer from falling down through the opening 39. The lever 28 at first moves downward to such an extent only that the sleeve 40 should press the strip 36 to the ring 31.

'I'he lower strip 35 is xed in a similar way by means of a lever 43 provided on the lower part of the machine.

In the next moment the needles begin to sink. This is rendered possible by the following device. Both needles 3I are fastened on a piston 44, which is guided by the clamp sleeve 32. The sleeve 32 is closed by a bottom plate 68 having two bores for the needles. On this bottom plate a distance ring-60 (Fig. 6) may be arranged for guiding and holding the needles. In order to move the piston and therewith the needles, a stirrup 45 is pivotally mounted on the upper end of the piston. Both downward projecting arms of this stirrup are connected to the forked ends of a lever 46. If

the piston is moved downward as compared with the tube 32, the horizontalpart'of the stirrup 45 may move in two vertical slits 41 in the tube 32. This sinking of the piston, respectively of the forked ends of the lever 46 is effected by a crank 48 of the main shaft 4, which crank projects into a slit 49 provided on the right hand end of the lever 46. If the slit part of the lever 46 is lifted by the crank 48 and by this, the needles begin to sink, the latter prick before all the strip 36 fixed in the above mentioned manner. moment the covering layer may be cut out from the strip pricked by the needles and this is done in such a manner that the lever 28 is continued to be swung downward by means of its driving mechanism arranged on the main shaft 4, by

which the circular shears 38 penetrate into'the 4opening 39. The covering layer cut out in such a manner is taken along by the needles moving downward.

As the lowered needles pass also through the skins it is advisable to hold the latter pressed down in order that they shall not be shifted at the raising of the needles. With this object in view a flange 50 is fastened on the tube 32 in which the forked end 5m of a lever5| engages. On the right hand end of the lever 5I a roller 53 is pivoted, which has been held in position up till now by a cam 52 keyed to the main shaft 4 in such a manner that the tube has been in its upper dead position. Now the cam 52 disengages the roller f 53, whereafter the tube 32 falls on the skins 3 due to its own weight and eventually by the action of a spring not shown and presses down said skins. If necessary the tube 32 may be held in this position by a fixing device of any known construction. The tube 32 pushes'before itself during its falling the covering layer which is now cut out and pricked by the needles 3l and presses it to the skins. This covering layer can be eventually provided with a dry stamp.

During these proceedings the needles continue their downward movement and they come'after pricking the skins and the lower also xed strip behind the wire which is stretched in the formof a V, i. e. in the interior of the V (Fig. 3). In the next moment the cam 24`arranged on the cam shaft I5 disengages the roller 25a.'of the pushrod 25 whereafter the latter is shifted back in its original'position by the spring 25. Consequently, the spring 23 may pull the arm I3 some- In the next Cil Cil

.what backward, which causes a repeated stretchling of the V-shaped wire, by which this wire will be nearly straightened. On account of this fact the wire is pressed to the needles 3|.

Now, the wires are to be engaged with the needles and to this end the needles are raised. After raising of a few millimeters the hooks or depressions 54 provided on the lower ends of the needles (Figs..6 and 9) come to the height of the wire, after which the latter snaps into these depressions, e. i. the wire is caught by the needles. However, the lower dead position of the needles may be chosen in such a way that the wire, when stretching again, should immediately snap into the depressions 54. At the continued upward lmovement the needles take along the wire as shown in Fig. 7, but first the basic layer is cut out by the lever '43 (Fig. 1) by advancing the circular shears in the above described manner. In order that the needles can take along the wire portion passed into the hooks of the needles this wire portion is to be delivered. With this object in view, 'in the path of the jaw I9 of the arm i3 (Fig. 3) a pin 20' is provided also in the rear part of the machine, the construction of which is fully identical with that of the pin 26. Thus if in consequence of the raising of the needles, the wire is stretched more and more and by this, the arm |3 is pulled forward to some extent against the action of the spring 23, the gripping jaw I9 bears on the pin 2D and is swung away, so that it delivers vthe wire end. In order to free the other wire end, in the following minute a push-rod 55 (Fig. 3) is shifted forward by means of its rollers 56 by the cam 55a of the cam shaft l5, by which the wire is pressed by the cutting edge formed on the other end of the push-rod to a support 51 disposed behind the wire and by this, the latter is cut. As the support 51 hinders the movement of the arm I3, the said support is pivoted on a. pin 58 in such a way that if the arm I3 is swung forward the support 51 is swung into the position shown in dotted lines, while when the arm I3 is swinging back, the said support is brought back to its original position by means of a spring not shown.

Now, the raised needles may take along without any difficulty the free and cut wire portion,

by which it is attained that the wire is pulled by the needles into the two holes of the skins,

the wire being doubled in said holes, as it is clearly shown in Fig. '1. Thereby the basic layer is pressed to the skins by the horizontal part 59 of the wire portion. During the raising of the needles the wire is passed through all the skins, through the covering layer and the bores or holes provided in the bottom plate 60 of the tube 32. During the continued raising of the needles the outer parts 6| (Fig. 7) of the wire are fully drawn out of the skins and of the bores of the bottom plate as shown is Fig. 8. When the needles arrive at their uppermost dead position, the wire portion being in the skins has the form of a U and is no more in contact with the needles. After this, only the twisting of both upper ends of the U-shaped wire portion is necessary, to which end a pulley 62 keyed to the guiding tube 32 and shiftable on the same (Fig. l) is connected to another pulley 64 by the aid of a belt of circular cross section. The pulley 64 is driven through any transmissions by means of the toothed segment 65 keyed to cam shaft l5. After passing the wire through the skins in the described manner the said toothed segment engages a gear 66 and begins to turn the same, whereby the tube 32 is also set to turn by corresponding transmissions. Piston 44 and the needles 3| rotate together with the tube without hindrance by the yoke 45 which is mounted rotatably but non-slidably on the top of piston 44. 'I'he tube 32 may also be'driven in any other manner for instance by a toothed rod engaging a gear arranged in place of the pulley 62, it being essential only that the tube 32 should be rotated always exactly with the predetermined number of rotations. As the wire ends are situated in the two bores of the bottom plate 60 of the tube 32, they are united by twisting by the rotation of the said tube. After finishing the twisting,the tube 32 may be raised, which is effected by the lever 5|.

If the tube 32'moved upward towards its upper dead position leaves the hole produced in the strip 36 by cutting out the covering layer, the

strip 36 may be advanced. To this end the left hand end of the lever 28 (Fig. 4) isv raised after the tube 32 has left the strip 36 and the circular shears are shifted upward. by the spring 29. When the spring 29 is unstretched or nearly unstretched, the sleeve 40 is also raised by the spring 4|, whereafter kthe strip 36 will be free. Now it is possible to shift -further the strip .to an extent corresponding to the widthv of the covering layer, for which end the strip is guided between a pair of grooved rollers 61, 68. three wings, this star cooperating with a lever 16 movable in a horizontal plane in the upper part of the machine (Fig. 1). This lever is swung just before the ending of the revolution of cam shaft I by the action of cam 12 cooperating with a roller 1| pivoted on the left hand end of this lever in such a way that the arm of the said star, which is vertical in this moment, is swung by means of a short arm' 13 (Figs. 1 and 2) pivoted on the end of the lever, said arm 13 beingk adapted to turn with regard to the lever only in one direction. 'Ihe star turns the roller 68 and this roller in turn rotates by lfriction the roller 61, so.` that the strip is shifted toa distance corresponding to one covering layer.

Now the shafts have finished their rotation On the roller 68 there is a star 69 having 1' and the machine effects no more governed move-r ments. However, the cam 12 has disengaged the roller 1|, so thatY the lever 10 is delivered and is swung back under the action of a spring not shown into the before mentioned position. During this movement the short arm 13 strikes again against the star the latter being, however, not swung away, because now the arm 13 can be turned with regard to the lever 10. In other words, the short arm 13 is moved away above the arm of the star which is vertical at this moment and snaps behind the latter.

The strip 35 for the basic layer is to be advanced in a similar way, but this advancing of the strip may be effected at any moment before engaging the wire with the needles,- as the movement of the strip arranged in the lower part of the machine is not hindered by the tube 32. In the described embodiment the star 16 belonging to the lower strip is moved by the pin 14, which is pivoted on the arm I3 and acts in a similar manner as the iabove described device. If the arm i3 is turned in the direction of the arrow I4 at the beginning of the working period, the star 16 is taken along.

In place of the wire the fastening can also be effected by means of another material, e. g. by a metal strip, string, pack-thread or the like. When utilizing the latter the twisting is not sufflciently steady and therefore it is advantageous to stick together or to lead the twisted ends. Nor is it by all means necessary that the instrument which passes the wire (or string etc.) through the two holes in the form of a U should also pierce said holes. The scope of the invention is not exceeded if the holes are produced previously, by which the penetration of the needles is rendered easier or in case of harder materials it makes possible to employ needles instead of drills for passing the Wire through the said holes.

The number of the needles may also be varied and moreover whatever piercing or stamping instruments may be used instead of the above mentioned needles. It is for instance possible to work with four needles, which substantially means the doubling of the above described machine, furthermore the wire may be passed by the aid of three needles through three holes in the form of a double U as shown in Fig. l0. In this embodiment the double middle portion Ti of the wire is to be put into the axis of revolution of the tube 32 and to be left during the twisting in the hook of the central needle. Consequently during the turning of the tube 32 the wire portion 11 is twisted and both of thelateral wire portions are wound around the portion 11. After iinishing the twisting, the central needle is to be hung out from the Wire portion 11 or a cutting edge is to be provided on the hook of the central needle which after twisting, by a sudden raising of the needle breaks the upper end of the wire 11. Thus it ls evident that the binding element may have not only the form of a simple but also that of a multiple U.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1l drills are employed instead of the needles of the foregoing forms. These drills 18 are pivotally mounted in the piston 44 and are provided with a spiral groove 19 engaging a projection 86 arranged in the bores of the vbottom plate Gli. Thus when lowering these drills, they are set to turn if these drills move in respect to the tube 32. The de- Y pressions or hooks of the needles of the foregoing forms are advantageously replaced by circular grooves 8|, as in this way the engaging with the wire is assured in any position of the drills.

I claim:

1. In a machine for joining skins, needles for pricking holes in skins laid on one another, each of the needles having a depression thereon, means for stretching a length of wire in the form of a V adjacent the skins, means for stretching further the ,wire portion While the needles are inside of the V for straightening it to engage the wire with the said depressions, means for reciprocating the needles to pass the wire through the skins in U-form, and means for twisting together the free ends of the wire.

2. In a machine for joining skins by means of wire coming from a supply bobbin, two needles for pricking holes in skins laid on one another, a guiding element for said needles adapted to be rotated together with the needles and to press the skins to be joined together, the said guiding elements having openings adapted to let through the needles, a lever adapted to stretch the said wire adjacent the skins, jaws on said lever for gripping the wire, a push rod adapted to further tension the stretched wire in the form of a V, depressions on the said needles adapted to take the wire after the wire is disengaged from the said push rod, means for reciprocating the needles to pull the wire in U-forrn through the said holes and the said openings by means of said depressions, and means for rotating the said guiding element while it bears on the skins to twist together the free ends of the said wire,

3. In a machine as claimed in claim l a guid ing element for guiding the needles adapted to rotate with said needles and to press together the skins to be joined, said guiding element having openings for the passage of the needles, and means for rotating said guiding element while it bears on the skins for twisting together the ends of the wire.

ALFRED BARTHA. 

